Slavery
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John Brown at Harper’s Ferry
Northern abolitionist John Brown failed to launch an armed slavery insurrection at Harper's Ferry, Virginia on October 16-18, 1859. The failed insurrection gave rise of suspicion among Southerners of a Northern conspiracy to launch slave revolts across the South.
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The Argument
John Brown, a staunch Northern abolitionist whom spent several years fighting for abolition in “Bleeding Kansas,” attempted to launch an armed state-wide slave revolt in Harper’s Ferry, Virginia on October 16-18, 1859. The insurrection attempt failed and ended with Brown executed on December 2nd.[1] Public opinion was mixed following the attempted insurrection. A high level of support for Brown emerged from Northern public opinion. Southerners, disgusted with Northern sympathy and suspicious of a conspiracy led by the Republican party to launch slave revolts across the South, were deeply concerned that Brown’s failed raid would encourage future slave revolts across the South. This difference in reaction to Harper's Ferry would increase the ferocity of the slavery debate, arguably being the real starting point of the war.[2]
Counter arguments
John Brown's failed insurrection was ultimately a large publicity stunt with Brown arguably acting as a terrorist.[3] It was not effective enough to be a cause of the Civil War.
Premises
[P1] John Brown attempted to spark an armed insurrection to overthrow slavery.
[P2] The attempt failed and further polarized the U.S. on the debate of slavery.
Rejecting the premises
[Rejecting P2] The stunt did not have this much impact.