Regional differences over castes were eradicated under the British
The caste system existed prior to British rule, but the colonial powers created a uniform hierarchy.
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The Argument
Prior to the colonization of India by the British, the caste system varied from region to region. Different castes were superior and inferior depending on the region. The British reshaped the caste system to create a uniform hierarchy across the Indian sub-continent. They based this new uniform system on the Law Code of Manu, written in the second century and applied it much more literally than it was initially intended.
Counter arguments
The Law Code of Manu wasn’t translated into English until 1794, nearly half a century after the British had arrived in India. This means that if the British imposed the caste system as outlined in the Code, they were relying on Indian pandits for guidance and interpretation. In this context, it is clear that the British didn’t reshape the caste system. The Brahmins, the learned caste, used the British colonization of India to cement their dominance of Indian civil and social society.[1]
Premises
[P1] Prior to British rule, there was no uniformly accepted caste hierarchy.
[P4] Following British rule, Hindus had a universally accepted, Brahmin-dominated caste system.
[P3] Therefore, the British reshaped the Indian caste system.
Rejecting the premises
[Rejecting P3] The legal system upon which the modern caste system is based wasn't available in English until after the caste system had been established.
Therefore, the British could not have been the driving forces behind this change.