Encyclopedia of Opinion
Question

Is religion the primary motivation and recruitment behind ISIS?

The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS) is a terrorist militant organization seeking to establish itself as state and as a self-proclaimed Islamic caliphate. Under the ideology of Salafism, a conservative interpretation and movement of Sunni Islam, and describing its efforts as a jihad, many point to how religion is at the core of ISIS. However, many others argue that the Islamic State's primary motivations are more political, using religion as a veil to increase its legitimacy and as a recruitment strategy.

Position 1 of 2
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Yes, religion is the primary factor.

This position holds that religion is the primary motivation behind ISIS and its recruitment. It argues that the group built itself around a Salafist reading of Islam, and that fighters join out of genuine belief in jihad and clear religious goals rather than mainly political ones.

Position 2 of 2
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No, politics, not religion, is the primary factor.

This position holds that politics, not religion, is the primary driver behind ISIS. It argues the group uses religion merely as a medium for goals that are political at heart, that fighters are drawn by wider geopolitical battles, and that recruitment hinges on personal circumstances.