Where does knowledge come from?

This position holds that knowledge can only be gained through empirical data. It argues that the scientific method and other forms of empirical study are how we genuinely learn about the world, and that purely rationalist approaches risk opening the door to common superstition.

Sense data is fundamentally flawed. However through the application of the "principle of sufficient reason" and geometric thinking we are still able to learn fundamental truths about the world.

This position holds that genuine knowledge is impossible. It argues that both empiricism and rationalism are flawed — sense data is biased, rational proofs rest on unverified assumptions — and that, on a relativist view, what counts as knowledge is always bound to its conditions.

During certain religious experiences people enter a state called gnosis that many believe grants one assess to true knowledge