Encyclopedia of Opinion
Question
What are the best research philosophies in academia?
Position4 of 6
Postmodernism
Argument

Postmodernism is innovative

Postmodernism challenges mainstream theories and the powers that write them to bring about new conclusions.

The argument

Postmodernists focus on challenging social constructs. In their attempt to do away with mainstream theories and conclusions and by focusing on the less trodden path, the postmodernists can produce ground-breaking results. Postmodernists argue that nothing is objective and that our perception is always in the way of seeing the objective truth. When it comes to humanities research, the postmodernists focus on the "fringe" that may bring to public attention voices and behaviors that have been previously marginalized or not given enough attention. By doing so, they allow for differing perspectives and ideas. Postmodernists emphasize the importance of power relations and attempt to deconstruct them. By implementing postmodernist ideas into research, one can more easily find the biases and beliefs that could be impacting the information, history, or the author. It allows one to refocus and challenge what others point to as objective truth.

Premises

[P1]Postmodernists challenge social constructs and mainstream theories, focusing on the less-trodden 'fringe' to produce ground-breaking results and surface previously marginalised voices. [P2] By holding that nothing is purely objective and emphasising power relations, postmodernism helps researchers find and deconstruct the biases shaping supposed objective truth. [C] Therefore, postmodernism is an innovative and valuable research philosophy.

Counter-arguments

Critics of postmodernism point to some of these premises as a weakness of this philosophy. If nothing is objective, then we are only left with subjective ideas. It leaves one in a sort of void, with no endpoint and no objective truth. Some see postmodernism as synonymous with nihilism, in that, life is meaningless. There is no point or logic behind life or history. Critics also say that if deconstruction is the point of postmodernism, then there is nothing to do but deconstruct, again leaving one without a conclusion or definitive answer. It becomes very cyclical: if there is nothing than subjective opinions in history and academia, what you produce is also subjective opinion and not “truth.”

Rejecting the premises

[Rejecting P1] Attending to marginalised voices and questioning received accounts is not distinctive of postmodernism: social history, feminist scholarship, oral history and subaltern studies all do it, several on explicitly realist premises. "Ground-breaking results" is also asserted without a single example of a result. [Rejecting P2] The two halves of this premise pull apart. If nothing is objective, the claim that a bias has been correctly identified is itself only a perspective, and the deconstruction has no more standing than what it deconstructs — the counter-argument's point, and one the argument does not answer. The conclusion also misses the question, which asks for the best research philosophy: showing that an approach is innovative says nothing about whether it produces reliable knowledge, which is the ground the sibling positions are competing on.

Further reading

https://www.intgrty.co.za/2016/09/20/research-paradigms-postmodernism/